Immigration Guide · /guides/family-green-card

Family-Based Green Card — I-130 Petition Guide for DC, Virginia & Maryland

Family-based immigration is the most common path to a U.S. green card. Hasan Legal PC files Form I-130 Petitions for Alien Relative for U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents living in Washington DC, Northern Virginia, and Maryland — covering spousal petitions, parent and child petitions, sibling petitions, and consular processing through U.S. embassies abroad.

01

Who can sponsor a family member

U.S. citizens may petition for spouses, unmarried children of any age, married children, parents (if the petitioner is at least 21), and brothers and sisters (if the petitioner is at least 21). Lawful Permanent Residents may petition for spouses and unmarried children of any age. The petitioner must demonstrate the qualifying relationship and meet the financial sponsorship requirements of the Form I-864 Affidavit of Support.

02

Immediate relatives versus preference categories

Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens — spouses, unmarried children under 21, and parents — have no annual visa cap and no Visa Bulletin wait. They may file the I-130 and the I-485 (if in the U.S.) concurrently. All other family categories are subject to annual numerical limits and the monthly Visa Bulletin: F1 (adult unmarried sons and daughters of U.S. citizens), F2A (LPR spouses and minor children), F2B (LPR adult unmarried sons and daughters), F3 (married children of U.S. citizens), and F4 (siblings of U.S. citizens).

03

Processing times in 2026

Most I-130 petitions are taking 16 to 32 months at the National Benefits Center for preference categories, while immediate-relative I-130 petitions filed by U.S. citizens often process in 8 to 12 months. After I-130 approval, applicants either adjust status inside the U.S. (Form I-485) or pursue consular processing through the National Visa Center and a U.S. embassy abroad.

04

Priority dates and the Visa Bulletin

For preference-category I-130s, your priority date is the day USCIS receives your petition. Each month the Department of State publishes a Visa Bulletin showing which priority dates are 'current' for each category and country. F4 (sibling) petitions can take well over a decade for high-demand countries like Mexico, the Philippines, India, and China.

05

Consular processing for family abroad

When the beneficiary is outside the United States, after the I-130 is approved and a visa is available, the National Visa Center collects civil documents and the I-864 Affidavit of Support, and then forwards the case to the U.S. embassy or consulate where the beneficiary will be interviewed. Common DMV-area cases involve U.S. Embassy Dhaka, U.S. Embassy Mumbai, U.S. Embassy Manila, U.S. Embassy Mexico City, and U.S. Embassy Lagos.

06

Spousal petitions and conditional residency

If the marriage is less than two years old when the green card is approved, the spouse receives conditional permanent residence valid for two years. Form I-751 must be filed jointly within the 90 days before the conditional card expires to remove the condition and receive the standard 10-year green card.

07

Frequently Asked Questions

Who can sponsor a family member for a green card from Washington DC, Virginia or Maryland?
U.S. citizens can sponsor spouses, unmarried and married children, parents, and siblings. Lawful Permanent Residents can sponsor spouses and unmarried children. The petitioner must reside in the United States and meet the income requirements of Form I-864.
What is the difference between immediate relatives and preference categories?
Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens — spouses, unmarried children under 21, and parents — have no annual visa cap and no waiting list. Preference categories (F1, F2A, F2B, F3, F4) are subject to annual numerical limits and may require multi-year waits depending on category and country of birth.
How long does I-130 processing take in 2026?
I-130 processing currently takes 16 to 32 months at the National Benefits Center for preference categories. Immediate-relative I-130 petitions filed by U.S. citizens for spouses, parents, and unmarried minor children often process in 8 to 12 months.
What is a priority date and why does it matter?
Your priority date is the date USCIS receives your I-130. For preference categories with annual visa caps, you must wait until your priority date is 'current' on the monthly Visa Bulletin published by the U.S. Department of State before you can apply for adjustment of status or an immigrant visa.
What is the I-130 filing fee in 2026?
The I-130 Petition for Alien Relative filing fee is $535 in 2026. Each family member being sponsored requires a separate I-130 petition, and each petition requires its own filing fee.
Can my family member live in the United States while the I-130 is pending?
Generally no, unless they are already in lawful status. Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens already inside the U.S. in valid status may file I-485 concurrently with the I-130. Beneficiaries abroad must wait for I-130 approval and consular processing through a U.S. embassy.

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Last updated 2026-04-28 · Source: USCIS · For informational purposes only — not legal advice · Consult an attorney for your specific situation.